Saturday, September 10, 2011

WARNING B4UACT Research: Cognitive ability AND INVESTIGATION OF SOURCES

Research: Cognitive ability

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The perceived incompetence of the modern minor is exaggerated and culture-bound.

Competence

  • Epstein, Robert (2010). "Adultness," Teen 2.0, 148-157.
    "After reviewing the relevant scientific literature, interviewing many adults, and consulting with three other psychologists and two psychiatrists with expertise in adult development issues, we concluded that there are fourteen different skill-sets or "competencies" [love, sex, leadership, problem solving, physical abilities, verbal and math, interpersonal skills, responsibility, managing high-risk behaviors, work, education, personal care, self-management, and citizenship] that distinguish adults from non-adults. [...] For three of the competencies--love, leadership and problem solving--we did find statistically significant differences between the mean scores of teens and adults, with adults outscoring the teens. But the absolute differences were small. [...] On two other scales--work and self-management--the differences between the adult scores and teen scores were marginally significant (at the .05 level), again in the adults' favor, but the absolute differences were less than 4 percent. On the other nine scales, we found no significant differences at all between the adult and teen scores. [...] fifty five of the adults in our sample were college graduates--more than double the rate of college graduates in the United States."



    1. PARENTAL ALIENATION THEORY PART TWO OF 31 SOURCE ESSAY BY B4UACT ...

      es-la.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=232424386808481
      Aug 3, 2011 – May 12, 2010 – ... says psychologist Robert Epstein, but it also happens following the ... With the history of Parental alienation syndrome ...
    2. The Parental Alienation Syndrome: A Dangerous Aura of Reliability ...

      www.fact.on.ca/Info/pas/wood94.htm
      The Parental Alienation Syndrome: A Dangerous Aura of Reliability by Cheri L. Wood.... Schutz, [115] Dr. Michael Epstein, a psychologist testifying with regard ...... Jill Waterman & Robert Lusk, Psychological Testing in Evaluation of ...


  • Epstein, Robert (2007). "The Myth of the Teen Brain," Scientific American Mind, April/May, 57-63.
    "Visual acuity, for example, peaks around the time of puberty. "Incidental memory"—the kind of memory that occurs automatically, without any mnemonic effort, peaks at about age 12 and declines through life. [...] In the 1940s pioneering intelligence researchers J. C. Raven and David Wechsler, relying on radically different kinds of intelligence tests, each showed that raw scores on intelligence tests peak between ages 13 and 15 and decline after that throughout life. Although verbal expertise and some forms of judgment can remain strong throughout life, the extraordinary cognitive abilities of teens, and especially their ability to learn new things rapidly, is beyond question. And whereas brain size is not necessarily a good indication of processing ability, it is notable that recent scanning data collected by Eric Courchesne and his colleagues at the University of California, San Diego, show that brain volume peaks at about age 14."



    1. Alienating Conduct a Large Factor in the Dwyane Wade Custody ...

      njfamilylaw.foxrothschild.com › Custody
      Mar 16, 2011 – We have also discussed programs that deal with parental alienationas well as different cases addressing ... Robert A. Epstein Roseland, NJ ...
    2. Signs of Parental Alienation: Making a Mountain out of Shrubbery

      parentalalienationsigns.blogspot.com/.../making-mountain-out-of-shr...
      Mar 5, 2011 – Signs of Parental Alienation ... One is that the same shameful human being Sharon Shore of Epstein Cole in Toronto, actually puts such crap ...
    3. [PDF] 

      The Parental Alienation Syndrome: A Dangerous Aura of Reliability

      digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1863...llr
      File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
      by CL Wood - 1994 - Cited by 79 - Related articles
      The Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS)2 theory states that when children .... See, e.g., Lucy Berliner & Jon R. Conte, Sexual Abuse Evaluations: Conceptual and. Empirical ...... Schutz," 5 Dr. Michael Epstein, a psychologist testifying with ...
    4. Parental Kidnapping « Parental Rights

      mkg4583.wordpress.com/category/parental-kidnapping/
      Apr 4, 2011 – NH Supreme Court: Parental Alienation Inimical to Child's Best Interests..... over parental alienation, Nassau County Supreme Court Judge, Robert Ross,...... Elaine Epstein, former president of the Massachusetts Bar ...
    5. parental alienation syndrome : Illinois Family Law Advocate

      www.illinoisfamilylawadvocate.com/.../parental-alienation-syndrome/
      Aug 23, 2010 – This is commonly known as Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS). ....Boundary Dispute Law Blog - Adverse Possession Lawyer Robert W. Zierman ....Executive Women's Networking Blog - Epstein Becker & Green Law Firm ...
    6. [PDF] 

      AFCC Vancouver Bro 2008-8 OLD

      www.afccnet.org/.../AFCC%20Denver%20Program%202010%2001...
      File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML
      parental alienation syndrome? high conflict? abuse? estrangement? mental disorder?..... Welcome: Robert M. Smith, J.D., M.Div., AFCC President Elect,. Windsor, CO .....Steven Epstein, J.D., Litvak Litvak Mehrtens and Epstein,. Denver, CO ...
  • Waber, D.P., et al. (2007). "The NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain Development: Performance of a Population Based Sample of Healthy Children Aged 6 to 18 Years on a Neuropsychological Battery," Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 13(5), 729-746.
    "Perhaps most intriguing are the age-related trajectories for raw score performance. For most tasks, proficiency improved dramatically between 6 and 10 years of age, leveling off during early adolescence (approximately 10 to 12 years of age), suggesting that for many neurocognitive tasks, children approach adult levels of performance at that age. For a few measures, scores increased linearly throughout the age range. These were tasks that assessed basic information processing, such as Coding, Digit Span, and Spatial Span. Still others were associated with a non-linear component during adolescence. Some showed a flattening of the curve followed by another period of acceleration, suggesting another spurt in mid-adolescence. Verbal learning actually reversed direction with performance declining in later adolescence."


  • Adler, N.E., & Matthews, K. (1994). "Why do some people get sick and some stay well?," Annual Review of Psychology, 45, 229-259.
    "However, empirical tests show that adolescents are no less rational than adults. Applications of rational models to adolescent decision-making show that adolescents are consistent in their reasoning and behavior after the salient set of beliefs is assessed (Adler et al 1990). Quadrel et al (1993) demonstrated that adolescents are no more biased in their estimates of vulnerability to adverse health outcomes than are their parents."


    1. Parental divorce: Effects on individual behavior and longevity.

      psycnet.apa.org/journals/psp/73/2/381/
      by JS Tucker - 1997 - Cited by 74 - Related articles
      Women who had experienced parental divorce smoked more and were more likely themselves to divorce, both of which ... AdlerN. E., & MatthewsK. (1994). ...
    2. Encyclopedia of health and behavior - Google Books Result

      books.google.com/books?isbn=0761923608...Norman B. Anderson - 2004 - Medical - 1016 pages
      Nancy EAdler See also Cultural Factors and Health; Ecosocial Theory; Health Disparities; ... Parental behavior and child health. Health Affairs, 21(2). 164-178. ...Gallo, LC, & Matthews. KA (2003). Understanding the association between ... G., & Hunt, K. (1998). Do housing tenure and car access predict health ...
    3. Research: Cognitive ability - NewgonWiki

      newgon.com/wiki/Research:_Cognitive_ability
      Mar 21, 2010 – AdlerN.E., & MatthewsK. (1994). ... and several target others (a friend, an acquaintance, a parent, a child) would experience various risks. ...
    4. [PDF] 

      Social Inequalities in Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Risk in ...

      pmbcii.psy.cmu.edu/adler/Goodman.pdf
      File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Quick View
      by E GOODMAN - 2005 - Cited by 46 - Related articles
      NANCY EADLER, PHD. Objective: ... of parent education to the risks and the cumulative risk score adjusting for age, gender, and race. Results: Lower ......Raikkonen KMatthews KA, Salomon K. Hostility predicts metabolic syndrom

  • Offer, D. (1987). "In defense of adolescents," Journal of the American Medical Association, 257, 3407-3408.
    Mike Males describes this study: "Northwestern University psychiatrist Daniel Offer, the nation’s leading researcher on adolescents, studied 30,000 teenagers and adults from the 1960s to the 1990s. He and his colleagues found 85% to 90% of teens held attitudes and risk perceptions similar to that of their parents, were not alienated, did think about the future, were coping well with their lives, and did not display psychological disturbances. "Decision making for adults is no different than decision making among teenagers,” Offer reported in 1987 in the Journal of the American Medical Association."
  • Offer, D., and Schonert Reichl, K.A. (1992). "Debunking the myths of adolescence: Findings from recent research," Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 1003 1014.
    "[T]he effects of pubertal hormones are neither potent nor pervasive (Brooks-Gunn and Reiter, 1990). [...] Adolescence does not occur in a vacuum and is significantly affected by the sociocultural context in which it occurs. A recent investigation by Enright et al. (1987) illustrates this point. This study was based on the careful reading of 89 articles in the Journal of Genetic Psychology for the past 100 years. The articles were rated for their conceptions about the nature of adolescence. Enright et al. demonstrated ideological bias in approaches to understanding adolescent psychology, specifically in relation to economic conditions. Specifically, in times of economic depression, theories emerged in the literature that portrayed adolescents as "immature, psychologically unstable, and in need of prolonged participation in the education system" (p. 553). In contrast, during wartime, the psychological competence of adolescents was accentuated. The authors point out, "The field of adolescent psychology is not free from the societal influences that impinge upon legislators, educators, and parents in shaping American adolescents" (p. 554)."


    1. [PDF] 

      Adolescent Storm and Stress, Reconsidered

      uncenglishmat.weebly.com/uploads/1/4/3/4/1434319/arnett.pdf
      File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Quick View
      by JJ Arnett - 1999 - Cited by 676 - Related articles
      this view: conflict with parents, mood disruptions, and risk ... Offer & Schonert-Reichl,1992; Petersen et al., 1993; ...... OfferD., & Schonert-ReichlK. A. (1992). ...
    2. Significant Influencers

      www.aare.edu.au/04pap/lak04460.pdf
      by LAK LAK04460 - Related articles
      In the early adolescent period parents still offer a significant influence as young people at this ..... Schonert-ReichlK. A., & OfferD. (1992). Seeking help and ...
    3. Comprehensive Handbook of Psychotherapy: Cognitive-behavioral ... - Google Books Result

      books.google.com/books?isbn=0471383198...Florence Whiteman Kaslow, Jeffrey J. Magnavita, Terence Patterson - 2002 - Psychology - 656 pages
      Parents and adolescents in conflict: All families some of the time and some families most of the time. Journal of Early ... OfferD., & Schonert-ReichlK. A. (1992). ...
    4. Adolescent storm and stress, reconsidered.

      psycnet.apa.org/journals/amp/54/5/317.html
      by JJ Arnett - 1999 - Cited by 676 - Related articles
      ... et al., 1993; Offer & Schonert-Reichl1992; Petersen et al., 1993; Steinberg & Levine, 1997). ... Socrates characterized youth as inclined to “contradict their parents” and “tyrannize their teachers. ...... OfferD., & Schonert-ReichlK. A. (1992). ...
    5. Readings on the development of children - Google Books Result

      books.google.com/books?isbn=0716709619...Mary Gauvain, Michael Cole - 2004 - Psychology - 371 pages
      Reconsidering changes in parent-child conflict across adolescence: A meta- analysis.... OfferD., & Schonert-ReichlK. A. (1992). Debunking the myths of ...
    6. Handbook of adolescent behavioral problems: evidence-based ... - Google Books Result

      books.google.com/books?isbn=038723845X...Thomas P. Gullotta, Gerald R. Adams, Jessica M. Ramos - 2005 - Medical - 665 pages
      Reconsidering changes in parent-child conflict across adolescence: A ... Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. OfferD., & Schonert-ReichlK.A. (1992). ...
    7. Mothers' Generalized Beliefs About Adolescents:

      jea.sagepub.com/content/23/1/29.full.pdf
      by CM Buchanan - 2003 - Cited by 14 - Related articles
      Potential implications of parental beliefs concerning adolescence for parenting andparent/child .... Offer and Schonert-Reichl (1992) suggested, as well, that whenparents and .... lescent behaviors, (c) are conforming, (d) are friendly, (e) experience inter- nalizing ...... OfferD., & Schonert-ReichlK. A. (1992). Debunking the ...
    8. Kimberly Schonert-Reichl

      educ.ubc.ca/research/ksr/schonert-reichl.html
      Dr. Kimberly Schonert-Reichl is an Applied Developmental Psychologist and an Associate ... lay audiences, including parents, community organizations, educators, and policy makers. .... Schonert-ReichlK. A., Buote, D., & Jaramillo, A. (2006). ...
    9. Handbook of Adolescent Psychology: Individual bases of adolescent ... - Google Books Result

      books.google.com/books?isbn=0470149213...Richard M. Lerner, Laurence D. Steinberg - 2009 - Psychology - 823 pages
      Richard M. Lerner, Laurence D. Steinberg ... OfferD., & Schonert-ReichlK. A. (1992). ... Parent, A. S., Teilmann, G., Juul, A., Skakkebaek, N. E., Toppari, J.,
      1. [PDF] 

        Attachment Styles and Adolescent Sexuality

        ubc-emotionlab.ca/wp-content/.../sex-and-attachment-chapter.pdf
        File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Quick View
        by JL Tracy - Cited by 79 - Related articles
        The typical adolescent is moving away from parents as primary attachment figures, relying more on ...... OfferD., & Schonert-ReichlK. A. (1992). Debunking the ...
      2. [PDF] 

        Lights, Camera and Action: Peer Education under the Spotlight

        portal.unesco.org/culture/en/files/29713/.../lau-lovett-morgan.pdf
        File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Quick View
        by M Lau - Related articles
        pressures from parental and family issues, studies, friendships and peer influences, alcohol, ..... OfferD., Howard, K. I., SchonertK. A., & Ostrov, E. (1991)...
      3. Child Development: An Active Learning Approach - Google Books Result

        books.google.com/books?isbn=141296850X...Laura E. Levine, Joyce Munsch - 2010 - Psychology - 704 pages
        (1995–2009). Tips for divorcing parents. Retrieved from http:// kidshealth.org/parent/emotions/feelings/ ... OfferD., & Schonert-ReichlK. A. (1992). Debunking ...
      4. Human Development - Google Books Result

        books.google.com/books?isbn=0798647086...D.A. Louw - 1998 - Adulthood - 753 pages
        Parents' speech to toddlers: The effect of play context. Journal of ... O'Connor, K., Mann, D., & Bardwick, J.M. (1978). ... OfferD., & Schonert-ReichlK.A. (1992). ...
      5. Debunking the Myths of Adolescence: Findings from Recent ...

        linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0890856709648097
        by D OFFER - 1992 - Cited by 178 - Related articles
        Nov 19, 2009 – Volume 31, Issue 6, November 1992, Pages 1003-1014 .... 1003 OFFERAND SCHONERT-REICHL Myth I: Normal Adolescent Development is .... Little is known about how parents perceive pubertal changes in their children, although most ......OfferD., Howard, K. 1., Schonert, K. A. & Ostrov, E. (1991). ...
      6. [PDF] 

        Communication in Relationships With Adolescents

        www.chs.fsu.edu/~ffincham/papers/p-achapterv13.pdf
        File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
        by D Meichenbaum - Related articles
        resulting in conflictual parent-adolescent communication pathways and potentially escalating ... this period (Offer & Offer, 1975; OfferSchonert-Reichl1992). Steinberg (2000) .... d) engaging family members in problem-solving and behavioral contracting; e) engaging ...... OfferD., Schonert-ReichlK. A. (1992). Debunking ...
      7. Intergenerational transmission of prejudice, sex role stereotyping ...

        findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2248/is_155_39/ai.../pg_9/
        Parents' roles in shaping early adolescents' occupational aspirations. Child Development, 72 ... OfferD., & Schonert-ReichlK. A. (1992). Debunking the myths...
      8. [PDF] 

        Suffering, Selfish, Slackers? Myths and Reality About Emerging Adults

        www.faithformationlearningexchange.net/.../myths_and_realities_of_...
        File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Quick View
        by JJ Arnett - Cited by 75 - Related articles
        tional, and at war with their parents and the world. Myths about adolescence ...Holmbeck, 1998; Offer and Schonert-Reichl1992). This is partly because even ...
      9. Life-Span Human Development - Google Books Result

        books.google.com/books?isbn=0534553818...Carol K. Sigelman, Elizabeth A. Rider - 2005 - Psychology - 656 pages
        Nsamenang, A. B. (1992). Human ... Child-rearing difficulties re- ported by parents of infants and toddlers. Journal of .... OfferD., & Schonert-ReichlK. A. (1992). 
  • Quadrel, M. J., Fischhoff, B., & Davis, W. (1993). "Adolescent (in)vulnerability," American Psychologist, 48, 102-116.
    "Three groups of subjects were asked to judge the probability that they and several target others (a friend, an acquaintance, a parent, a child) would experience various risks. Subjects were middle-class adults, their teenage children, and high-risk adolescents from treatment homes. All three groups saw themselves as facing somewhat less risk than the target others. However, this perception of relative invulnerability was no more pronounced for adolescents than for adults. Indeed, the parents were viewed as less vulnerable than their teenage children by both the adults and those teens. These results are consistent with others showing small differences in the cognitive decision-making processes of adolescents and adults. Underestimating teens' competence can mean misdiagnosing the sources of their risk behaviors, denying them deserved freedoms, and failing to provide needed assistance."


    1. Adolescent Pregnancy and Parenthood - Teen Pregnancy & Abortion

      https://sites.google.com/site/.../adolescent-pregnancy-and-parenthood
      Two reasons are paramount: links with (a) nonmarital childbearing and (b) welfare ... Life experiences associated with poverty, such as alienation at school, ... teenagers (Elkind, 1978 ; Keating, 1990 ; QuadrelFischhoff, & Davis, 1993). .... mothers also considers whether teenage parent outcomes differ by race and ethnicity. ...
    2. Ghel

      www.slideshare.net/shy_nice143/ghel
      Life experiencesassociated with poverty, such as alienation at school, prevalent models of ...... Parental divorce inchild hood and demographic outcomes in young adulthood. .... QuadrelM. J.FischhoffB., & DavisW. (1993). ...
    3. [PDF] 

      Adolescent Pregnancy and Parenthood

      doi.apa.org/journals/amp/53/2/152.pdf
      File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Quick View
      by RL Coley - 1998 - Cited by 443 - Related articles
      with poverty, such as alienation at school, prevalent mod- ...... presence by interferingwith private parental agreements. ..... QuadrelM. J.FischhoffB., & DavisW. (1993). Adolescent (in)vul- nerability. ...
    4. [PDF] 

      Personality Traits and the Development of Nicotine, Alcohol, and ...

      doi.apa.org/journals/abn/115/1/26.pdf
      File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Quick View
      by IJ Elkins - 2006 - Cited by 69 - Related articles
      noses in middle-aged parents and the effect of parental disorders on ...
    5. [PDF] 

      Group Interventions for Patients with Cancer and HIV Disease

      www.agpa.org/projectALL-FINAL.pdf
      File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Quick View
      adolescent conduct problems, parental coping, HIV disclosure, or preparation of ......confronted by illness-related stigmatization, alienation, or withdrawal. ...... Quadrel MJFischhoff BDavis W. Adolescent (in) vulnerability. ...
    6. An Existential View of Adolescence

      jea.sagepub.com/content/14/3/300.refs.html
      Specific existential concerns dealt with include dread of death, confusion of indecision, hopeless-ness of ... Beyth-Marom, R. , FischhoffB., QuadrelM. J., & Furby, L. (1991). ..... In A. R. Stiffman & L. E. Davis (Eds.), Ethnic issues in adolescent mental health (pp. .... Adolescent suicide: The clinical manifestation of alienation...
    7. [PDF] 

      Risk Perception and Reasoning Performance in High and Low Risk ...

      www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63666.pdf
      File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML
      18 years), parent permission was collected through lettea of informed consent For adolescents 18 ...... QuadrelM.J.FischhoffB., Br DavisW. (1993). ...
    8. [PDF] 

      Ethical Review and Children's Research in Ireland

      www.nuigalway.ie/.../2010_rep__ethical_review_and_childrens_rese...
      File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
      by H Felzmann - 2010 - Cited by 1 - Related articles
      and the maturity of the child participant, waivers of parental consent or child ......alienated by some of the methods used to achieve anonymity (Grinyer, 2002). ......QuadrelM.J.FischhoffB. and DavisW. (1993) 'adolescent ...
    9. Why is pedophilia such an awful thing in western cultures?

      www.fluther.com/.../why-is-pedophilia-such-an-awful-thing-in-weste...
      Apr 16, 2010 – Where I live someone could marry a 16 year old with parental consent but if the 16 ...... were not alienated, did think about the future, were coping well withtheir ... QuadrelM. J.FischhoffB., & DavisW. (1993). ...

      1. [PDF] 

        Adolescent Pregnancy and Parenthood: Recent Evidence and ...

        harrisschool.uchicago.edu/about/publications/.../pdf/wp_97_07.pdf
        File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Quick View
        by RL Coley - Cited by 443 - Related articles
        reprints may be sent to the first author at the Irving B. Harris Graduate School of ....associated with poverty, such as alienation at school, prevalent models of ... for high risk teenagers (Elkind, 1978; Keating, 1990; QuadrelFischhoff, & .... Much of the research on adolescent mothers also considers whether teenage parent ...
      2. [PDF] 

        Teenage Sex and Pregnancy

        www.iranleech.net/.../(www.01.mydvb5.org)_Teenage_Sex_and_Pre...
        File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
        dren living in two-parent families, and marital status rates46 were added to ..... teenage drinking, drugs, crime, violence, sex, pregnancy, alienation, suicide, ...... See, among many examples, M. J. QuadrelBFischhoff, and WDavis ...
      3. [PDF] 

        DRAFT. DO NOT QUOTE.

        www.umtri.umich.edu/content/DCA-LitRev.pdf
        File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Quick View
        with peers outside of parental or adult supervision. ..... high scores on Alienation and Aggression scales at age 18 lead to more risky ...... Womack, 1997; Womack, Trout, &Davies, 1997). ...... FischhoffB. (2007). An early history of hindsight research. .....Lau, R. R., QuadrelM. J., & Hartman, K. A. (1990). ...
      4. An Existential View of Adolescence

        jea.sagepub.com/content/14/3/300.refs.html?patientinform...
        Specific existential concerns dealt with include dread of death, confusion of ... Beyth-Marom, R. , FischhoffB., QuadrelM. J., & Furby, L. (1991). ..... In A. R. Stiffman & L. E. Davis (Eds.), Ethnic issues in adolescent mental health (pp. .... Adolescent suicide: The clinical manifestation of alienation...
      5. [PDF] 

        Assessing and evaluating the health impact of environmental exposures

        igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/dissertations/2004-0511-152200/full.pdf
        File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
        by G de Hollander - Cited by 3 - Related articles
        feelings of insecurity or alienation, unfavourable health perception and stress ......Credibility, in Davis DL, Krupnick A, and McGlynn G. Proceedings of the ...... 37Fischhoff B, Bostrom A, Quadrel MJ. Risk perception and communication. ...... Health effects of passive smoking-10: Summary of effects of parental ...

Moral reasoning

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